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Useful marketing

“Consumers hate us – the marketers and advertisers who invent new ways to spam them”, says Bob Gilbreath, Chief Strategy Officer at global marketing agency Possible Worldwide.

Increasingly people will find ways to avoid unwanted marketing, Gilbreath believes, and therefore argues: “Instead of fighting this and finding new ways to annoy people, we, as business people, have to ‘give in’ and actually create ‘marketing’ that people choose to engage with.”

Such thinking drives a new era of marketing: ‘content marketing’, ‘marketing as a service’ and ’utility marketing’ are terms that express the notion that marketing should provide useful or valuable content to consumers. In doing so, people will choose to engage with marketing rather than try to avoid it. It’s a simple concept that represents a win-win for both marketers and consumers.

One example is how supermarkets have been marketing themselves in recent years. In-store marketing offers meal suggestions and recipes, and television ads feature famous chefs showcasing creative cooking ideas. It’s marketing content that’s of course designed to sell more products – but by providing meal suggestions it’s also providing practical use and value to consumers.

In recent years marketers have in some contexts been forced into providing more useful content; use and value have become expected by consumers. For instance, because people can unsubscribe from email marketing so easily, marketers have been pressed to keep people engaged, doing so in various ways such as providing informative newsletter content or special offers.

A similar challenge exists for businesses when marketing via social networks, where excessively or overtly promotional content would be unwelcome. In an article discussing the business use of Twitter, Gilbreath advises companies to “follow the 80% (value add content) / 20% (marketing) rule… When you execute the 80% well, people accept the 20% marketing because it’s genuine.”

In essence it’s about finding a balance between ‘value added content’ and ‘marketing’ – especially when working in contexts where consumers can easily switch themselves off from marketing. As Gilbreath says, people are more likely to accept self-promotion if a brand has also been selfless enough to provide some kind of useful and valuable content.

Some brands go further than others when balancing value added content and marketing. Take Nike+, a concept which is more of a ‘service’ than it is ‘marketing’. Nike+ combines gadgets and online services which allow customers to track run distances and set challenges to stay motivated. An ecosystem has grown around the service, in which Nike has kept customers regularly engaged. ‘Mobile apps’ is another area where businesses are experimenting. For example, a UK insurance company’s app provides driving tips and reminders for maintaining one’s vehicle; it’s useful content with a hint of marketing.

‘Useful marketing’ seems logical and mutually beneficial to both marketers and consumers. The big question for businesses is execution – how to provide use and value while at the same time obtaining marketing value. To start, consider how your existing marketing scores on the 80/20 rule, and from there work to add value one percentage at a time. Creative thinking may also help to go further and conjure up exciting new services which provide value added content first and marketing a close second.

Retail tips

Educate salespeople

In an age when consumers research online before purchase, many retailers assume that customers walk into shops purely to buy products they already know they want. But McKinsey research indicates that “as many as 40 percent of customers remain open to persuasion once they enter a store, despite undertaking extensive product research, reading online reviews, and comparing prices”. “Retailers that fail to have knowledgeable staff on hand to help customers make decisions, or even to create arresting in-store visual marketing materials, are losing sale after potential sale”, McKinsey warns.

McKinsey continues: “While selling is an art that can be approached in a variety of ways, it boils down to four basic steps: open, ask for needs, demonstrate, and close… Having staff that understand and enjoy the sales process is paramount, and that means attracting the right employees, training them effectively, and rewarding them appropriately.”

Create engaging in-store marketing materials

McKinsey provides examples of simple but effective approaches to visual merchandising, such as signage that allows customers to make product comparisons; for example – signage which compares memory cards by the number of photos they can hold rather than their size in gigabytes. “Because sales staff could use the visual displays as a way to sell products to customers without having to memorize technical details, they were more confident and achieved more sales per hour”, McKinsey observes. Examining consumer decision-making behaviour also reaps rewards: McKinsey cites a company that regrouped shampoos and soaps ‘by scent’ rather than positioning on shelves by product type; the company found that this approach better suited people’s decision-making and buying behaviours.

Secure online retail websites and customer data

The recent theft of customer payment data from a South West based retail website underlines the importance of online security for businesses of any size or profile. It’s an imperative, an unavoidable cost of doing business online, and it should be a top priority before – not after – cybercrime hits. Priorities include protecting the collection and ongoing storage of customers’ personal and payment data. Web developers or specialist security experts can advise on the best systems to adopt for protection in key areas including data security, storage and legal compliance, payment processing, and website hosting. As a precautionary measure, some consultants can also test the security of existing websites.

Connect with smartphones

Facebook Places and Google Coupons are services that attract mobile smartphone users to nearby businesses by offering discounts and vouchers. Such services, which will grow in number and popularity as more people use smartphones, allow retailers to connect with and attract people who are physically close-by; the modern-day version of market traders shouting deals to passers-by. An upcoming technology called Near Field Communication will also allow communication directly with nearby devices in new ways, from taking wireless payments to broadcasting special offers and product information. Such trends make new connected technologies a relevant opportunity even for offline retailers.

Top tips – Presentations

Know your stuff

A confident speaker knows his content inside out. There’s no substitute for adequate preparation.

Know your audience

An HBR article offers its number one rule, “Know thy audience”, adding that “the really interesting things to know about audience members are, what do they fear? What are their dreams? Where do they want to be led? And what have they had recent cause to like or dislike? Only once you understand the emotional state of the audience are you ready to begin to design a presentation for them.”

Focus on one key message

“Many studies show that we only remember a small percentage of what we hear – somewhere between 10-30 percent”, says HBR Blogs; “Against this dismal human truth there is only one defense: focus your presentation on a single idea.” A commenter on HBR’s article adds: “On the one point: Repeat it three times. At the beginning ‘Tell em what you are going to tell em’. Then at the appropriate point in the presentation ‘Tell em!’. As you wrap up at the conclusion ‘Tell em what you have told em’.

Tell a story

Most presentations aim to ‘sell’ an idea, and key to marketing is telling a compelling story. So for example, a presentation may begin by outlining the problems or challenges at hand, the middle expresses your ideas for overcoming these challenges, and the end paints a triumphant vision of resulting success.

Keep slides simple and clear

Guy Kawasaki offers the ‘10-20-30 rule’ which states that a presentation “should have ten slides, last no more than twenty minutes, and contain no font smaller than thirty points”. Whether or not you adhere to a rigid formula, try to ensure slides clearly display only the most important or noteworthy points.

Rehearse

Rehearse once or twice, on your own or with an audience, to highlight points that need clarifying or shortening. But don’t overdo it – rehearsing too much could make your presentation sound unnatural.

Avoid reading

If possible, avoid reading from a script or regurgitating what’s on your slides. It’s useful to take cues from slides, but consider them the ‘headlines’, and make sure what you say ‘adds value’ or ‘colour’.

Be personal and engaging

Injecting your personality into presentations may help people to feel engaged. You may do this with an occasional joke or entertaining slide, or a relevant anecdote, analogy or story that supports or illustrates specific points. This also prompts you to smile, which in itself is important to engaging with people.

Interact with your audience

Make eye contact with people, and rather than singling out one or two individuals, engage with as many eyes as possible. Moving around may help to connect with more people. Another way to interact with your audience is to ask them questions at appropriate points in your presentation.

Stimulate your ‘go’ system

Some psychologists think that people have a ‘stop system’ which makes us avoid things we fear, and a ‘go system’ which encourages us to approach fears head on. Psychology Today advises: “The best way to over-ride your Stop System on speech-making day is to stimulate your Go System. To do this, do something – anything – that makes you feel “up” and excited.” Exercise, or listening to your favourite song, are just a couple of examples which could perk you up and increase your confidence.

Top tips – Copywriting

Think, then write

Clear thinking is the key to clear writing. Think what you want to say, then write it as simply as possible. Writing, editing and proofing are distractions that muddle your thoughts. Neglect these tasks for a minute and concentrate on what you want to say. Then, simply, say it.

Define your key messages

There are two categories of copy: your key messages, and everything else. Everything else is important, but defining key messages first ensures they don’t get forgotten, diluted or buried. Write them down and underline them. Order them by importance. Choose the ones you want to talk about first and last. Do this and you have defined a solid structure to build on.

The importance of style

You know what you want to say. How you say it could determine who reads it, engages with it or responds to it. Writing style is a subtle reflection of your own style – as a person, business or brand. How formal do you wish to be? Or put another way: how informal d’ya wanna be? Should you be a spokesman, friend, superior or an equal? Your use of language establishes perceptions – positive or negative – so be conscious of your style and control it. Remember: your company may already have a style guide to adhere to which ensures consistency and clarity of communications. If not (and you have a lot of people writing copy), perhaps it should.

Know your readers’ needs

Getting inside the head – and heart – of your audience helps you strike the right chord. People have practical needs (to be healthy) and emotional needs (to look great on the beach). Effectively selling a low-fat cereal might require you to satisfy both needs; the very reason why TV ads often show beautiful people enjoying beautifully healthy lifestyles. There is a saying: “people buy on emotion and justify with logic”, and it illustrates the point that, very often, emotional needs are more influential than practical ones. Even though the practical ones are still important.

Let benefits lead

A one per cent fat content is a feature of low-fat cereal. The benefit being that you’ll be healthier and slimmer than if you carry on eating those fry-ups (better still, you’ll look fantastic on the beach!). Features are important, but benefits tend to put features into context for the reader, making their value easier to see.

Use headlines

Headlines grab attention and make you want more. Big, bold, underlined, colourful, distinct, quick and easy. Keep them short but meaningful. Usually a sentence or two is enough to make a point. Think need, think benefits, think key messages. Think about intriguing and teasing, but also think about informing: people look at headlines when deciding whether to read on. Remembering that is crucial, because a bad headline can stop your reader before they even start.

Get to the point

Every sentence counts, but the first one is crucial. Fowler’s Dictionary of Modern English Usage describes the paragraph as ‘a unit of thought’. If a paragraph is a unit of thought, the first sentence is what makes your point. Again, be conscious of benefits and needs (as discussed earlier), because the quicker you focus on them the better.

All else leads to action

Remember AIDA (Attention, Interest, Desire, Action): the four stage sales process. By now your writing should have taken the customer through the first three steps. You have snappy titles and engaging headlines; and succinct, to-the-point paragraphs that highlight benefits and connect with the reader’s emotional and practical needs. The reader is poised and ready for action. Give them an easy, appropriate way to act, and they will do so.

Edit

Editing should involve an appraisal of every sentence. What is the sentence trying say? Do you need to say it? Could it be put more shortly or clearly? Are paragraphs properly constructed? Are they clear ‘units of thought’? There are many more questions to ask of your copy. Think back over the previous tips, remember your objectives and the principles of good copywriting, and evaluate everything. As your writing skills begin to improve you’ll find you need to edit less. Remember: if you can, leave a day or two between writing and editing; a fresh mind helps most things.

Proof, proof, proof

The odd mistake is sometimes forgivable, but you should aim to make none. At best they undermine the credibility of your voice. At worst they cost you dearly (think mistakes with pricing, event dates, or contact details). Check your copy, word by word, line by line. Again and again. Ask others for help. Take a break and proof with a fresh head. Proof until you stop finding mistakes, then proof again. Everyone usually has their own method for proofing, but however boring or unnecessary you find it, you should do it.